关于阿里云磁盘挂载的问题

  • 2024-03-14 11:32:35
  • 分类： 运维

  1. 查看磁盘是否被挂载

     $ fdisk -l

   Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
     Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
     Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
     I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
     Disklabel type: dos
     Disk identifier: 0xb2ac676a

     Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
     /dev/vda1  *     2048 83886046 83883999  40G 83 Linux

​        
        Disk /dev/vdb: 1 TiB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors
        Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
        Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
        I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

其中 `Disk /dev/vdb: 1 TiB` 则为1T的数据盘

  1. 查看磁盘使用情况，再此可以看出 1T 的数据盘是否有挂载。

     $ df -h

 Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 udev            3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
 tmpfs           771M  3.2M  768M   1% /run
 /dev/vda1        40G  4.9G   33G  14% /
 tmpfs           3.8G  8.0K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
 tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
 tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
 tmpfs           771M     0  771M   0% /run/user/0

    上面列表中没有出现 /dev/vdb1，表示没有挂载磁盘

  2. 分区数据盘

    disk /dev/vdb

       Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1).
   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
   Be careful before using the write command.

   Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
   Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x7dd962da.

   Command (m for help): n
   Partition type
      p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
      e   extended (container for logical partitions)
   Select (default p): p
   Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
   First sector (2048-2147483647, default 2048): 
   Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-2147483647, default 2147483647): 

   Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 1024 GiB.

   Command (m for help): w
   The partition table has been altered.
   Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
   Syncing disks.

    如上会出现操作界面,执行如下操作即可：

       n(提示:无需帮助)
   p(提示:p为主分区,e为拓展分区)
   1(提示:分区起始磁盘数，设置为1即可)
   回车(提示:启始位置，默认即可)
   回车(提示:结束位置，默认即可)
   w(提示:退出)

    此时 输入：fdisk -l新建分区已经出现

       $ fdisk -l

   Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
   Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
   Disklabel type: dos
   Disk identifier: 0xb2ac676a

   Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
   /dev/vda1  *     2048 83886046 83883999  40G 83 Linux

  ​    
      Disk /dev/vdb: 1 TiB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648 sectors
      Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
      Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
      I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
      Disklabel type: dos
      Disk identifier: 0x7dd962da

      Device     Boot Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
      /dev/vdb1        2048 2147483647 2147481600 1024G 83 Linux

  1. 格式化分区

      $ mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1

  2. 挂载磁盘到文件

     $ mkdir /data

    $ mount /dev/vdb1 /data

  1. 设置启动默认挂载

     echo '/dev/vdb1 /data ext4 barrier=0 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

    查看是否挂载成功

     $ df -h

 Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 udev            3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
 tmpfs           771M  3.2M  768M   1% /run
 /dev/vda1        40G  4.9G   33G  14% /
 tmpfs           3.8G  8.0K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
 tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
 tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
 tmpfs           771M     0  771M   0% /run/user/0
 /dev/vdb1      1007G   77M  956G   1% /root/ctfdisk

    出现 /dev/vdb1 表示挂载成功

  2. 补充： 修改挂载

     $ sudo umount -l /dev/vdb1 #卸载挂载

 $ mount /dev/vdb1 /新地址
 $ vim /etc/fstab

 # 删除原来的挂载配置
 echo '/dev/vdb1 /新地址 ext4 barrier=0 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

​    
    实测

  1. laravel 项目的使用 - 创建软连接

     ln -s /usr/chowtfdisk/miniprograms/files/app/public /usr/share/nginx/yunli-test/public/files

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